Fluid pressure machine



March 6, v1945.

W; F. BROWN FLUID PRESSURE MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1942 Patented Mar. 6, 1945 William F. Brown, Flushing,

N. Y., assignor, by

direct and mesne assignments, of thirty per cent to Philip S. McLean,

to Frank L. Davis, College and ten percent Bloomfield, N. lJ.,

Point, Long Island, N. Y.

' Application yAugust 14, 1942, Serial No. 454,775

4 Claims.

The invention herein disclosed relates to fluid pressure machines for developing or for utilizing fluid under pressure.

Objects of the invention are to provide such a machine, which will rotate in balance and which will operate effectively for displacement of fluid, for example, as apumpor a compressor, or to utr'lize fluid such asksteam or expanding gases for generation of power.

Further special objects are to provide an elllcient rotary machine of simple, sturdy construction, 'consisting of but few parts and operating with a minimum of friction.

Additional objects are to provide a low cost design, readily adaptable to many usual or special purposes and particularly in the latter category, to submarine propulsion and to aircraft propulsion in the stratosphere.

Other objects of the invention will appear as the specification proceeds and as the novel features of theinvention are set forth in the following specification.

The drawing accompanying and forming part of the specification illustrates a number of the possible embodiments of the invention. Structure and arrangement may be modied and changed however, all within the true spirit and broad scope of the invention, as hereinafter dened and claimed.

Figs. l and 2 are sectionalviews on planes at right angles to each other and illustrating an embodiment adapted for operationas a motor, pump or compressor, Fig. 1 being a view as taken on substantially the plane of line I-I of Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 being a view as taken on substantially the plane of line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views, illustrating a dual cylinder embodiment of the invention, adapted for operation as a multiple expansion steam engine or the like, Fig. 3 a section on line Fig. 4, and Fig. 4 a section on line 4-4 of Figs. 5 and 6 are corresponding sectional views showing the invention embodied in a simple form of liquid displacement pump and taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 6 and line 6 6 of Fig. 5.

In the several forms of the invention illustrated, a blade l', serving as an impeller in the case of a pump, or as a piston in the case of,a power producing machine, is mounted to rotate concenti'ically and in continuous cooperative relation with the walls of a cylindrical chamber 8, Within a casing 9, and a cylindrical rotor I0, is journalled eccentrically in and sealing cooperation with at II. f

The eccentrically journalled rotor thus cooperates with the surrounding walls of the chamber to dei-lne a crescent-shaped displacement or expansion chamber. Inlet and outlet ports IZ, i3, open into this chamber at opposite sides. of the sealing cooperation at I I, between chamber and rotor. y

The rotor isshownslotted at I4, for passage of the blade out into running engagement With the walls of the cylindrical chamber.

The blade is shown fixedly secured on a vshaft I5, journalled centrally in the cylindrical chamber. This shaft may extend through and be journalled in both` end walls I6, I'I, of the casing, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 6, or extend through one side of said cylindrical chamber,

v and be journalled in only one end wall I6, as indicated in Fig. 4.

The rotor, serving in the illustration merely as a-rotating cylindrical partition defining the inner wall of the crescent-shaped expansion or displacement chamber, may be a relatively light cylindrical shell or ring and various ways lof journalling this element may be employed.

Onefsimple method is that illustrated in Fig. 2, Wherethe'annular member I D, is shown as simply having its continuous cylindrical end portions I8, I 9, rotatably seated in annular grooves 2B, 2l, provided inthe end headsof the casing. Lubricating and sealing channels 22, 23, are shown provided in the rotor and in the bearing grooves, at opposite sides of the rotor and in the casing at 24, at opposite ends of the rotor.

To avoid or lessen sliding friction Abetween the blade and rotor,` the edges of the slot I4, may' be rounded as indicated in Fig. 1, or otherwise shaped and, if desired, a freefloating pull or push connection may be provided between the` blade and rotor, independently of any engagement between these partsfat the slot.

Thus in Figs. 1 and 2, there is shown a form of drag link connection 25, pivotally connected at one end withthe rotor at 26, and pivotally conr' nected at the opposite end at 21, with an arm 28,

projecting from the hub portion of the blade. This arm and thedrag link are shown disposed at the opposite side of the center of rotation from the blade, thus to serve more or less as a counterweight or counterbalance for the blade. y

Springs 29, 3|), are shown interposed at opposite sides of the pivotal connection betweenthe blade and link to permit the parts to accommodate themselves to relative changes in speed `and angular relation, .I v

In another form of connection between the Fig. 3, are journalled in the rotor at opposite edges l oi the slot, bearing against opposite faces of the blade, thus to provide] an antifriction driving y connection between the two. 'I "hesev rolls may be i backed up by springs as indicated at 32, thus to provide a resilient form of coupling and packing f between the parts.

i concentrically rotating blade and the eccentril i cally turning rotor or cylinder, rolls such as 3|,

The machine may be built in single or compound form.

Thus as shown in Figs. 3 and- It, there may be two or more cylindrical working chambers 8, 8a, in concentric coaxial relationship one alongside i the other and the shaft extend centrally through both or all such chambers.

` wall of the'working Also in this multi-cylinder construction, Ual

single rotor may be employed having cylindrical-- H ia, in register with the respective .f`

portions l0, chambers and slotted as at I4, I4a, for' the blades 1, 1a, operating in those chambers.

The chambers in the multi-cylinder machine may be of the same or diierent diameters and the same is true as to'the-rotor'sections operating in such chambers. y

VIn the illustration, Figs.

is larger than the other and the rotor elements similarly are one of larger diameter than the other. Such 'a construction is particularlyl suited for operation as' a multiple expansion steam engine, the casing thenY being ported or piped as indicated at 33, to carry thez exhaust at I3' from the smaller high pressurel cylinder 8a to the invtake l2a of the largerl low pressure cylinder 8.

The greater radius is desirable as utilizing a longer. blade and thusA gaining greater leverage Band 4, one chamberv and providing" for the fullest expansion of 'the driving fluid.

In designing the machine as a steam vengine or in fact as any engine operating onexpanding y inders,y a partition 36', Fig. 4', ory partitions may i.

be arranged in the rotor between the diiierent blades.

The diiierent cylinders may be utilized for entirely diierent purposes, for example, one cylinder operating as an engine cylinder producing power and an adjoining or' other cylinder serving as a compressor, blower,-`supercharger or the like, forl the ii'rst mentionedv or other cylinder.

The construction disclosed permits theshaft being made as large and heavy-vv asy need be and all' in one continuous piece extending through all the working chambersandA mounted in as large bearings as consideredv best; at opposite ends of such shaft. These-may beV plain bearings, such as indicatedat 3T?, 38, or be ball', roller or other forms of bearings andiv therotor; ifdesired', may

cylindrical wall-cof the rocket motor :1.3 .ly or valve-connected Aports of the machine. If desired, morev than one until. required for super-charging purposes. pistonl blades in the multi-cylinder machines may In this particular illustration, the shaft is journalled only at one side, kthe blade is held by being secured in a slot 39, cut in from the end of the shaft, instead of being sleeved over the shaft andthe rotor is in the form of an annulus having end flanges 40, 4|, the latter' -provided with an axially extending ange 42, carrying a bearing ring 43, riding the annular bearing shoulder 44.

The casing may be made in one or a number Aof sections, one particularly practical form being that illustrated in Figs. 2 and 6, embodying a central casing section 45, carrying the cylindrical chamber, shouldered at 46, over the end heads The blade constitutes the impeller or piston Awhether the machine be designed as for pumping functions or for power generation.r Inone instance, the blade propels a fluid and in the other case, the: blade drives the shaft. In the constructions; disclosed,l the blade is -alwaysucentered and can be made as heavy as required for all .purposes. Operating concentrically, they blade` may have a relatively wide arcuateedge in free running engagement or sealing cooperationwith the chamber.

yThe machine mayVV uses than those previously' mentioned, for example, forA Diesel or other internal combustion engine operations. Particularly', it may be operated. as `a stratosphere'engine, deriving the expanding gases for operating the same from a type ofcombustionl chamber, directwith the intakev port'or rotor may' be employed', one journalled 'concentrically within the other ande all rotating with the blade extending through the same.

In the case of "a multi-cylinder machine with one. cylinder operating as" a super-charger for another cylinder, by suitable connections and valves, the super-charger cylinder may be -run idle,- with substantially` no load on the` machine, rIhe be offset 180 degrees or'set in any other desired angular relation., If necessary to keepl the cylinders to the same diameter, variations in capacity mayr be obtained by simply lengthening the machinegto increasethe length` instead of the diameter ofthe cylinder.

Whileordinarily iti might beconsidered preferable to construct. the parts of metal, it is to be noted. that different; elements of the machine may be made of plastics. or other materials.

.These elements-y are of such. simple design that they. may be producedas. die castings or produced. in, other special ways.

As. there are only the twoy moving parts, the

piston blade and the. cylindrical shell, and both travel in circular paths, lubrication may be probejOurnalled on anti-friction or other type bearthe machinek is shown em- '7' vided by the liquid machine; but found.

o1 fluid passing through, the

tions needing the Same.

If necessary; or considered desirable, the piston "blade may be sealed wherel it' passes throughthe rotating sleeve, by packing or by means such as a exible diaphragm, A packing strip or shoe maybe utilized as a sealing' means. atv the point of cooperation of the rotating' sleeve with. the

side ofA the cylindrical chamber;

What is claimed is:

1. In va machiney ofV the' character disclosed,- the I6, l1, and the whole rmly L held together by through bolts 41.

be adapted to many `other desirable lubricantsv may be. admitted or forced' direct td any,v parts or. porcombination of a casing having a cylindrical chamber, a shaft journalled concentrically in said cylindrical chamber, a blade carried by said shaft in cooperative relation with the walls of said cylindrical chamber and a cylindrical rotor journalled eccentrically in said cylindrical chamber and in cooperative relation therewith at one side of the chamber, said rotor having a slot therein for extension of said concentrically mounted y blade into cooperative relation with the walls of said chamber, said chamber having ports at opposite sides of the point of vsaid cooperative relation with said rotor and a pivotal drive connection for carrying rotational loads between said blade and rotor located Within said rotor, including a link pivotally connected with said rotor at one end and pivotally connected at the other end with the rotating blade structure and free to turn at its opposite ends to accommodate itself to the varying conditions of relative eccentricity occurring in the rotation of said blade and rotor on di'erent centers.

2. In a machine of the character disclosed, the combination of a casing having a cylindrical chamber, a cylinder eccentrically journalled in said chamber and in sealing cooperation therewith at one side of said chamber, an abutment blade mounted for rotation concentrically in said chamber and extending out through one side of said cylinderl in sealing cooperation with said cylindrical chamber and a link pivotally connecting said blade with said cylinder and located within the cylinder and pivoted at its opposite ends to the blade structure and cylinder and thereby arranged to adjust itself to the changing relation between said eccentrically journalled cylinder and said concentrically rotating abutment blade.

3. In a machine of the character disclosed, the

combination of a casing having a cylindrical site side of the rotational mounting of said blade I from said blade to serve in the nature of a counterbalance for the blade.

4. In a machine of the character disclosed, the combination of a casing having a cylindrical chamber, a cylinder eccentrically journalled in said chamber and in sealing cooperation therewith at one side of said chamber, an abutment blade mounted for rotation concentrically in said chamber and extending out through one side of said cylinder in sealing cooperation with said cylindrical chamber and a resilient connection between said blade and cylinder inclinedl with respect to both the axis of the cylinder and the axis of the blade and located wholly within said cylinder.

WILLIAM- F. BROWN. 

